What's the difference between a smart switch, smart dimmer, and smart plug?
Each controls the load a different way. A smart switch turns a hardwired circuit on and off and replaces a standard wall switch. A smart dimmer adds brightness control for dimmable LED fixtures. A smart plug sits between a lamp and the outlet, making any plugged-in device controllable without wiring. Switches and dimmers are permanent; plugs are portable.
Do smart switches need a neutral wire?
Many do, but not all. Most smart switches require a neutral wire to power their electronics continuously — common in homes built after the mid-1980s. No-neutral models exist for older boxes, drawing a small standby current through the bulb instead. Check the box for a neutral (the white bundle) before buying, since a mismatch won't work.
How do smart controls connect — WiFi, Z-Wave, or Matter?
Three protocols cover most smart controls. WiFi connects directly to the router with no hub, simplest for a few devices. Z-Wave and Zigbee use a low-power mesh through a hub, better for many devices and reliability. Matter is the new cross-brand standard that lets devices work across ecosystems. Pick the protocol your hub and app already support.
Can smart switches work in a 3-way (multi-location) circuit?
Yes, with the right setup. A 3-way smart switch controls one light from two locations, pairing a main switch with a companion or accessory switch. Some systems use a wireless companion that needs no traveler wire; others reuse the existing 3-way traveler. Confirm the model is 3-way compatible and whether it needs a wired or wireless companion.
What works with Alexa, Google, or Apple Home?
Compatibility depends on the protocol and brand. WiFi and Matter switches usually work with Alexa and Google Home out of the box. Apple Home support is narrower and often needs a Matter or HomeKit-certified device. Voice control then lets you set scenes and command lights hands-free. Check the listed ecosystem logos on the product before buying.
Want standard controls instead? Manual dimming is in LED Dimmers, automatic on/off in Sensors & Occupancy, and the full control range in Commercial Lighting Controls.